The fez (Turkish: fes), also called tarboosh (Arabic: طربوش‎, romanized: ṭarbūš,^[1] derived from Persian: سرپوش‎, romanized: sarpuš, lit. ‘cap’), is a felt headdress in the shape of a short cylindrical peakless hat, usually red, and sometimes with a tassel attached to the top. The name “fez” refers to the Moroccan city of Fez (capital of the Kingdom of Morocco until 1927), where the dye to colour the hat was extracted from crimson berries.^[2] The modern fez owes much of its popularity to the Ottoman era